什么样的结肠癌手术有造口
结肠癌疾病编辑
结肠癌疾病编辑
Introduction:
Colorectal cancer, also known as colon cancer, refers to cancer that develops in the colon or rectum. In some cases, surgery is a recommended treatment option. This article aims to explore the different types of surgery for colorectal cancer that may involve the creation of an ostomy.
1. Colectomy with Colostomy:
Colectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a portion or the entire colon affected by cancer. When this surgery results in the formation of an ostomy, it is called a colostomy. During the procedure, the healthy end of the remaining colon is brought to the abdominal wall, creating a stoma through which waste products are expelled into a colostomy bag. This surgery is typically performed when cancer is present in the lower rectum or anus and removal of the rectum is essential, preventing the natural passage of stool.
2. Ileostomy:
An ileostomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the entire colon and rectum. In this surgery, the small intestine is brought out through the abdominal wall, creating a stoma. Waste products are collected in an appliance fitted over the stoma. Ileostomies are commonly performed when the rectum and colon are completely removed, and the small intestine is connected directly to the stoma. This procedure is typically required when cancer affects the upper part of the rectum or entire colon.
3. Hartmann's Procedure:
A Hartmann's procedure is performed when there is a need for the removal of the rectosigmoid colon, but it is impossible or inadvisable to create a colostomy or an ileostomy. In this procedure, the affected portion of the rectum is closed off and left inside the body, while the remaining colon is redirected to an artificial opening, known as a colostomy or ileostomy. This type of surgery is often chosen when there is a risk of complications due to anastomotic leaks, poor general health, or the patient's personal preference.
4. Loop Colostomy:
A loop colostomy is a temporary surgical procedure used when a portion of the colon needs to be bypassed to allow healing or to divert the flow of waste. In this procedure, a loop of the colon is pulled through an opening in the abdominal wall, creating a stoma. The stoma is then protected using a special bag or appliance that collects waste. Once the desired outcome is achieved, the loop colostomy is typically reversed, restoring normal bowel function.
Conclusion:
Colorectal cancer surgeries that involve the creation of an ostomy can significantly impact the patient's quality of life. By understanding the different types of surgeries, such as colectomy with colostomy, ileostomy, Hartmann's procedure, and loop colostomy, patients can anticipate and prepare for life with an ostomy; while healthcare professionals can ensure appropriate care and support are provided during the recovery process. It is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine which procedure is most suitable for each individual case.
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